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HOW Technology useful in EDUCATION. Advantages
and Disadvantages of Technology in Education
The
modern classroom has taken several steps forward in its evolution of the
learning environment in the past 25 years. Many of the benefits that we have
seen in this setting are due to the introduction of new technology options for
students. Instead of having a single computer for a class to use or a
laboratory environment for the entire school placed in one room, we can now
help students learn at their table or desk with items issued to them directly.
Our
development of the Internet since 1989 has helped us to include more
technological access to information in the modern classroom as well. If you
grew up as an 80’s kid, then you had the A/V cart come into your class to watch
educational videos and maybe have a snack. Now students get to play interactive
learning games, compete against other students, and have their educational
statistics tracked in real-time data to know where their point of focus should
be.
Introducing
technology to students in a classroom setting can certainly help the
educational environment, but it also requires equal access for all students to
ensure that everyone receives the same opportunities to success. That is why
each school district, teacher, and parent should periodically review the
advantages and disadvantages of technology in education settings.
List of
the Advantages of Technology in Education
1. Technology helps children to
stay motivated during the learning process.
Most students don’t like to go to school if they feel like they are wasting
their time. When there is technology allowed in the classroom, then teachers
have an opportunity to let kids work at a pace which suits them the best
without disturbing others. They can look up additional information about a
subject they are learning about that day, play educational games that reinforce
the lesson, or work on advanced material using a program like Zearn.
Because
many of today’s technology options allow students to see how well they are
doing compared to the average of all users, it gives them a chance to push
harder for themselves and their education. Many of the programs that encourage
learning also issue rewards or award certificates, which helps to make the lessons
fun as well.
2. It encourages more
communication between teachers and parents.
When there is technology in the classroom, then there are more opportunities
for parents and teachers to connect with each other. Using a blog for the
classroom can help parents get to see what their children are learning each
day. Apps and software options allow teachers to instantly report on a child’s
behavior to let parents know in real-time what is happening throughout the day.
There are options for chat boxes, instant messaging, and other forms of
communication as well.
Let’s
not forget about email here either. Since the 1990s when this technology option
came into the classroom, it created more reliability in messaging between
teachers and parents should there be a need to talk.
3. Technology options in the
classroom are very affordable.
Although the cost of having technology in the classroom can be significant if
you are introducing new options to an entire district, the cost of student
computers, tablets, and class essentials is minimal. Most student computers
cost less than $200 each, and there are several grants available on local,
state, and national levels that help to offset these costs to local taxpayers.
“The
Internet is the first technology since the printing press which could lower the
cost of a great education and, in doing so, make the cost-benefit analysis much
easier for most students,” said John Katzman. “It could allow American schools
to serve twice as many students as they do now, and in ways that are both effective
and cost-effective.”
4. It creates new ways to learn
for today’s student.
There are three critical forms of intelligence that we see in children today:
emotional, creative, and instructional. The traditional classroom environment,
which typically encourages lecture-based lessons, focuses more on the latter
option. Standardized tests and similar ranking tools do the same. When kids
have access to technology today, then those who excel outside of the standard
learning setup can still achieve their full potential.
Technology
allows children to embrace their curiosity in multiple ways. They can try new
things without embarrassment because their tech access gives them a level of
anonymity. This process allows kids to work, through trial-and error if they
wish, to see if a different strategy helps them to learn more effectively.
5. Technology allows us to give
students access to data from a single location.
Do you remember when a research project meant a visit to the library so that
you could pull 4-5 books to read, have access to an encyclopedia, and even
microfilm to view so that you had enough resources to finish your assignment?
Technology allows a student to access every item they need for a project from a
central resource. Instead of spending all of that time searching for something
specific or waiting for your library to order it, you can run a few queries on
Google and find what you need.
6. It gives us better access to
behavioral data on students.
The various apps, software choices, and technological platforms collect data on
students that can show attendance patterns, learning issues in specific
subjects, and how they react in particular situations. This information leads
to the creation of a profile where teachers, schools, and parents can work together
to identify places where additional learning may be necessary. Technology can
even help a school district find their highly capable students to keep pushing
them toward more challenging work so that they remain engaged with the learning
environment.
7. Technology helps to prepare
students for their future world.
Even if there are warnings from medical providers about the amount of screen
time that students receive in their classroom environment, the reality of the
modern educational system is that we must have technology exposure now to
prepare our children for the world they will face as adults. This sector will
continue to evolve. If they are not prepared to use these items today, then
tomorrow could be a struggle for them.
That
means some traditional subjects might not be as important to teach for some
schools or teachers. Is it more important to have a student learn how to write
in cursive or know how to type without using the two-finger chicken-pecking
method? Is coding more of a critical skill than learning how to cook? Should
kids know how to put a chair together in woodshop or have the ability to put
together their own computer?
These
are the questions we need to be asking when looking at the advantages and
disadvantages of technology in the classroom.
8. The introduction of
technology allows for the teaching of needed vocational skills.
Although there are regions of extreme poverty and isolation which do not have
Internet access in the United States right now, over 90% of Americans have a
home connection to online resources. By introducing technology to students from
an early age, we can teach them the critical vocational skills that are
necessary for success in a digital world. That is why writing continues to be a
top priority in the K-4 grades, formatting guidelines and software use after,
and knowing how to research efficiently is approached as an essential skill.
9. Technology in the classroom
encourages collaboration.
Students retain very little of the information they receive when a teacher
lectures from a textbook. When there are interactive lessons on a chalkboard or
whiteboard, kids can remember about 20% of what they were taught. If a teacher
encourages a small group discussion, that percentage can quadruple.
Technology
gives us an easy way to develop collaboration skills for students using online
tools that encourage them to work together in safe ways. If kids can then
practice what they were taught immediately, there is very little that they will
forget.
10. It encourages students to
stay engaged with their learning environment.
Kids get bored very easily when they feel like they already know what is being
taught in their classroom. Some children will transform into mentors or leaders
in this situation to help their fellow students, but there are many more who
disengage because they lack stimulation. By introducing technology to the
classroom, there are fewer places where repetitive learning must take place.
Teachers can introduce new subjects, try new techniques, or use different projects
to encourage ongoing learning, which creates more overall engagement.
11. Teachers have more
credibility when they use technology in the classroom.
Teachers are sometimes hesitant to use technology in the classroom because they
are unsure of what a student might have at home. Giving homework assignments
that require computer access to a student without that technology at home would
be a waste of time. There can also be pushback from parents who are
uncomfortable giving their kids additional screen time for learning. When you
can introduce these elements to the classroom and have children learn there,
then you can overcome the socioeconomic barriers that are sometimes in place
for low-income families.
List of
the Disadvantages of Technology in Education
1. The presence of technology
can be distracting to students.
When kids play video games, they can find themselves reacting with
addiction-like behaviors. Their focus is on the entertainment they receive more
than anything else. If the educational environment uses reward-based games to
encourage learning, then the child might be more concerned with what they
receive through the software or app instead of what they are learning.
Although
correct answers can be an indication of knowledge, there might not be as much
information retention as hoped. Teachers must set and enforce healthy
boundaries when using technology in the classroom to ensure healthy results are
possible.
2. Technology can make it
easier to cheat.
Remember the TV shows and movies where kids would break into a teacher’s
classroom, steal the answer key to a test, and then write down everything on
their wrist, shoe, or a slip of paper? Now a student can send themselves a text
with that information. They can send that data to anyone else with a phone.
Email can relay this info too. There must also be strict rules in place about
the use of technology during quizzes or tests when an exact measurement of
student knowledge is needed to evaluate their overall progress.
3. Using tech can cause some
students to disconnect from the classroom.
Interacting online with others is a different experience than when you
collaborate over the Internet with someone. Being behind a screen provides you
with a layer of anonymity that you don’t receive with a face-to-face conversation.
Learning how to work with one another using technology is an essential skill,
but it cannot be the other option that teachers introduce to their classroom.
We must encourage social interactions that accurately communicate thoughts,
feelings, or emotions so that when a child is offline, they can still make a
better life for themselves.
4. Some students may not know
the difference between reliable and unreliable resources.
There is a lot of information on the Internet today that is fake or exaggerated
in some way, but it masquerades as being real. According to research published
by New York Magazine, less than 60% of web traffic today is actually
human-based searches or content interaction. Up to half of the traffic on
YouTube each year are bots that masquerade as people. Not only is the content
sometimes fake, but then also the users might not be real too. Teachers must
show students how to access real information, show them how to verify its
validity, and then encourage them to use it appropriately.
5. Technology is a resource
that not all families can afford.
Whether technology is in the classroom or at home, there is the issue of
affordability to worry about in today’s world. Some households cannot afford to
purchase computers for their kids to manage their school work. There are school
districts that don’t have enough money to pay their salaries each year, much
less add new tech components for learning.
When we
emphasize having technology in the classroom, then we place those at the lowest
end of the wage scale at a significant disadvantage. Students with greater
access can learn more and have access to lessons more often, which means they
have additional information exposure that can increase their opportunities to
succeed.
6. Some technologies could
replace the teacher in some classrooms.
Interactive learning lessons are so effective today that the software or app
can become the teacher instead of having someone present to help a student. One
of the best examples of this potential disadvantage is ABC Mouse, which
provides clear instructions to students as young as 3 so that they can start
learning when they are ready.
Instead
of being in a hands-on role, technology makes the teacher more of an observer.
New tech automates the learning process while adapting to changing student
needs.
7. There are privacy concerns
to consider with technology in the classroom.
Over 15 million people each year experience identity theft in some way. It is a
criminal empire that costs the economy over $16 billion per year. Since 2011,
over $100 billion in losses have happened because of this issue. One of the
reasons why it is becoming more prevalent is because more people have greater
access to technology today.
When we
introduce technology to the classroom, we are placing the identity of our
children at risk every day. Even when apps, computers, mobile devices, and
operating systems have advanced privacy filters that reduce the threat of
identity loss, there is no way to guarantee that all risks are gone unless the
equipment never goes online. If we take this step, then we end up losing many
of the advantages of having technology in the classroom in the first place.
8. Technology in the classroom could
create medical problems for some kids.
Eye strain occurs when you look at a computer screen for too long. Symptoms of
this issue include back pain, eye pain, neck pain, feelings of tiredness,
blurred vision, and problems with focus. Continuous heavy computer usage may
lead to issues with early myopia, with a prevalence rate of more than 60% for
those older than the age of 12. For some people, the impact of this health
issue is cumulative, which means the time they spend in front of a phone,
tablet, and television can contribute to eye health issues as well.
9. Kids often lose track of
time when using technology in the classroom.
Although kids can adapt to changing environments without much of a second
thought, their idea of normal is often defined by what they experience in the
classroom. Teachers and schools have as much, if not more, time with children
than their parents throughout the day, which means the classroom becomes an
influential part of life for each student. Encouraging the use of tech might
help to create more learning opportunities, but it can also lead to a lifestyle
that is more sedentary.
When
children sit for too long during the day, then they face the same health
challenges that adults do when not getting enough exercise. There can be
problems with obesity, hyperactivity, muscle fatigue, sleeping problems, and
metabolism issues with prolonged sitting. That is why any school that
introduces technology to the classroom should also encourage at least 30
minutes of moderate physical activity whenever possible.
10. Many classrooms place
limits on technology access.
Because of the awareness that schools have with the potential disadvantages
that technology can cause in the classroom, there are limits placed on the use
of items under the guise of child protection. Although firewalls and site
blockers can prevent most dangerous content from reaching the eyes of children,
it is not unusual to see this issue taken a step further by restricting
computer work to word processing and basic research. Students come home with
assignments to use tech of their own, at a library, or through a loan program
to place this responsibility on the parents instead.
If we
force limits on children instead of teaching them how to make wise choices,
then is that really giving them a learning environment?
11. Technology can create
dependencies for information recall.
If you cannot recall a piece of information instantly, then what is your next
step to find an answer? Most people would say that they would look online for the
data they want or ask a virtual assistant, like Alexa, to give them the answer.
Having access to a treasure-trove of resources is wonderful, but it can also
create a dependency because of its presence. If we do not teach students how to
recall info by themselves without the use of a smart device or computer, then
the next generation of students may be unable to function unless there is
technology for them to access.
Verdict
on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology in the Classroom
These
advantages and disadvantages of technology in the classroom indicate that
students and teachers can be more effective in their roles with its presence.
Although there can be varying levels of comfort based on the amount of exposure
each person has to computers, electronic whiteboards, and other items, an
introduction of new tech is an investment that can offer ongoing dividends.
There
are times when technology can provide new experiences to a student. Teachers
can use apps and software to reach kids that might normally disconnect from the
classroom.
Technology
in the classroom opens more doors, introduces new experiences, and creates more
opportunities for self-discovery. The positive aspects that occur with school
integration typically outweigh any of the issues that a district might
encounter
